“Workers of the world unite. You have nothing to lose but your chains.” The stirring words of Karl Marx’s Communist Manifesto have resonated through the generations. They once inspired international labor solidarity with a vision of the defiant proletariat on the march to a socialist future. Differences of identity based on race, ethnicity, gender, and nationhood were to be transcended by the working class’s advance toward a secular utopia—a global society free from exploitation, conflict, poverty, and degradation.
